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No. slams. l Patented Feb. 7,1899. o. J. BEALE.

'MACHINE FII-l G'ENEBATING' BEARING.

l (Application tiled Oct. 4, 1897.)

SSheets-Sheet (No Model.)

INVENTOR VVITNEssEs wem 'ma Nonms PErERs co, PHoTcLLlTHO., ww-nNcTcN. n. c.

No. 618,979. Pafentearen.- 7, |899.

0.-.1'. REALE.

MACHINE FUR GENEBATING HEARING.

(Application f led Oct.' 4, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OsCAR JLBEALE, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, AssIeNOR To THE ABROWN a sHARPF. MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF sAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR GENERATING GEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,978, dated February '7, 1899.

Application filed October 4, 1897.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR J.A BEALE, of the city and county of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Generating Gearing; and I do hereby declare the following speciflcation, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same, to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

In an application, Serial No. 671,568, iiled February 25, 1898, I have shown and described anovel form of gear-generator provided with teeth having abrading-surfaces which operate to generate the teeth of a gear by reason of the sliding ofthe abrading-surfaces of the generator against the teeth of the gear-blank and have explained how such a generator may be used in an ordinary milling-machine. As set forth in said application, the form of generator preferably used for generating bevel-gears has the form of a crowngear, the teeth of which are truncated wedgesl in cross-section. The action of such a generator depends upon the sliding of the toothsurfaces of the generator and gear-blank upon each other, which sliding motion decreases as the angle between the axes of the gear-blank and generator increases, and it has been found that when the angle between the axis of the generator and the axis of the gear-blank is comparatively large there is not sufcient sliding motion to effect rapid abrading of the gear-blank. This difficulty couldl be overcome by changing the form of generator-as, for instance, by making the generator in the form of a small pinion; but as such forms of generators are more diiiicult to make than the crown-gear generator owing to the fact that the curvature of the tooth-surfaces changes from one end of the tooth to the other, it is preferred to retain the crown-gear generator and to produce the necessary sliding motion by moving either the generator or blank, or both, in such a manner that the surfaces of the teeth of the generator and blank have a sliding motion in addition to that due to rolling of the pitch-surfaces upon each other. It is also desirable to produce this additional sliding motion in case a gear-blank is to be burnished or finished by means of a generase'rin No. 653,968. (No model.)

vtor whose teethhave smooth hardened surfaces. This sliding motion may be produced in any suitable manner and s preferably produced by causing a relative movement between the blank and generator ina direction substantially normal to the pitch-surfaces at their line of contact. This relative movement may beeifected in any way desired, as

by oscillating the blank or generator about 6o an axis passing through the intersectionof the axes of the blank and generator; but it is preferably effected by giving the generator an axial reciprocation. It is also preferred to effect the rolling motion between the pitchsurfaces by rotating the generator and to rotate the blank by the engagement of the teeth of the generator therewith; but it will be understood that the blank might be rotated and drive the generator, or the rolling motion 7o might be effected by rolling the blank about the generator or in any other way desired.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a preferred form of mechanism for causing a rolling motion between the pitchsurfaces of the generator and blank and at the same time giving the tooth-surfaces an auxiliary sliding motion upon each other.

In said drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a machine embodying the present in- 8o vention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View through the axes of the spindles for supporting the generator and gear-blank, and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing the meansr l for adjusting the throw of the eccentric for faces, is secured upon the end of a spindle 2, 9o

mounted in bearing 3 in the frame 4 of the machine. The spindle 2 is reduced in diameter beyond the bearing 3, and a pulley 5 is secured upon the end of said spindle. A

sleeve 6 surrounds the reduced portion of the 95 spindle between the shoulder 7 and the hub of pulley 5 and is mounted to slide in a bearing 8 upon the frame 4. The rear end of the sleeve 6 is iiattened and is engaged by a projection 9 of the bearing 8, androtat-ion of the roo sleeve 6 is thus prevented. Two lugs 10 are formed upon the rear end of sleeve 6, and one end of a link 11 is pivoted between said lugs, the other end of said link engaging an eccentric 12, secured to a shaft 13, mounted in a bearing 13 in the frame. A pulley 14 is secured to the end of shaft 13 for rotating said shaft. By applying power to the pulleys 5 and 14 the spindle 2 may be rotated and at the same time reciprocated longitudinally or so as to move the generator in a direction normal to its pitch-surface.

The gear-blank 15, the teeth of which have been roughed out, is secured upon the end of an arbor 16, provided with a tapered shank 16', which ts within a tapered socket in the end of a spindle 17. The spindle 17 is mounted to revolve in bearings 18 and 19, supported on a swiveled head 20. The spindle is held from longitudinal movement in its bearings by means of a flange 21, which engages the one end of the bearing 18, and awasher 22, which is held in engagement with the other end of said bearing by a nut 23. brake 25 engages the spindle 17 between the bearings 18 and 19 and serves to regulate the pressure between the teeth of the generator" and gear-blank. This brake consists of two blocks 26 and 27, which embrace the spindle and are held from rotating therewith by a pin 28 on the head 20. A bolt provided with a handle 29 serves to hold the upper ends of the blocks against the opposite sides of the spindie, and by turning said bolt the frictionj upon the spindle may be adjusted as desired. i

The head 20 is provided with a stud 31, which fits within a hole in the carriage 32, and said` head is held in its adjusted position by means of bolts 33, the heads of which fit within an annular undercut groove 34in the carriage 32, which pass up through the flange ofthe head 20 and are engaged by clamping-nuts 35. The carriage 32 is mounted on longitudinal ways 36, formed on a cross carriage or slide 37, mounted on ways 38 on the frame. The carriage 32 may be adjusted by means of a screwrod 39 on the slide 37 which engages a nut 40 in said carriage, and the slide 37 may be adjusted by means of a screw-rod 41 on the frame, which engages a nut 42 on said slide.

The operation is as follows: The gearblank is secured to the spindle 17, the head 20 is adjusted about its pivot to bring the spindle 17 at the proper angle to the spindle 2, and the carriages 32 and 37 are adjusted to bring the gear-blank 15 and the generator 1 into proper relation. The power is'now turned on and the spindle 2 is rotated and reciprocated. The teeth of the generator engage the teeth ofthe blank and cause said blank and the spindle 17 to rotate, the pressure between the teeth of said generator and gear-blank being regulated by the brake 25. The teeth of the generator thus have a slidingy motion upon the blank-teeth due to the rotationof the generator and blank and also a sliding motion due to the reciprocation of the generator, and one side of the blank-teeth is quickly reduced to the form conjugate to A frictionthe engaging teeth-surfaces of the generator. As the blank-teeth are reduced the slide 32 may be advanced by the rod 39 .until the pitchsurfaces of the blank and generator are in contact when the spindle 2 is at the forward limit of its movement and one side of the blank-teeth will thus be generated to the proper form. The direction of rotation of the spindle 2 is now reversed and the other side of the blank-teeth generated in the same manner.

In case a burnishing-generator is used the operation is the same, with the exception that in this case the generator presses or molds the surfaces of the gear-teeth rather than abrading said surfaces.

In order that the amount of reciprocation of the spindle 2 may be varied as desired, the eccentric 12 is secured to the shaft 13 in such a manner that the amount of its eccentricity may be varied. This adjustment may be effected by any suitable means; but it is preferred to use a novel means which in itself forms a feature of the present invention and which is not limited in its application to the machine shown, but may be used in other relations for adjusting the eccentricity of an eccentric. The preferred form of this means is shown in Fig. 3. As shown, the eccentric `12 is formed on the end of a stud or shaft 43,

which is eccentrically lnounted in the shaft 13 and which preferably extends through said shaft and is provided with a squared end 44, by which it may be turned. The eccentric 12 is eccentric to the shaft 43, and the distance between the axis of said eccentric and the axis of the shaft 43 is preferably the same as the distance between the axis of said shaft and the axis of the shaft 13, sothat the eccentricity of the eccentric `with relation to the shaft 13 may be made as slight as desired. The shaft 43 is provided with slots 45, so that the shaft at this point may be expanded by a pin 46, which screws into the end of said shaft and has a conical end which engages a conical surface 48, formed in the shaft at the slotted portion. By screwing the pin 46 inward the shaft 43 will be expanded and thus firmly secured to the shaft 13. Longitudinal movement ofthe shaft 13 is prevented by means of a ilange 49, which runs between the end of bearing 13 and a flange 50 on a cap 5l.

While the present invention is especially useful applied to the manufacture of bevelgearing and has been described with reference to such application, it will be understood that it may be applied to the manufacture of other forms of gearing wherever it is found desirable to give the tooth-surfaces an auxiliary sliding motion and is not limited in its application to the manufacture of bevel-gearing. In case the invention were applied to the manufacture of spur-gearing the auxiliary sliding motion might be produced by reciprocating the generator or blank in a direction parallel to their axes. It will also be IOO IIO

understood that the form of the generator may be varied and the form of the teeth upon the generator may be varied without departing from the present invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination of a generator provided with teeth having generating-surfaces, a support for a gear-blank, means for causing a rolling motion between the pitch-surfaces of: the generator and blank, and means for causing an auxiliary sliding motion between the surfaces of the generator and blank-teeth, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a generator provided with teeth having generating-surfaces, a support for a gear-blank, means for causing a rolling motion between the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank, and for moving said pitch-surfaces to and from each other, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a generator, a sup-4 port for a gear-blank, means for causing a rolling motion between the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank, and for causing a relative movement between said pitch-surfaces in a direction normal to said surfaces at their line of contact, substantially as de scribed.

4. The combination of a generator, a support for a gear-blank, means for causing a rolling motion between the pitch-surfaces of the generator and gearblank,means for causing an auxiliary sliding motion between the surfaces of the generator and blank-teeth, and means for regulating the pressure between said surfaces, substantially as described.

The combination of a generator, a support for a gear-blank, means for reciprocating one of them, means for simultaneously causing a rolling motion between the pitchsurfaces of the generator and gear-blank, and means for regulating the pressure between the surfaces of the generator and blank-teeth, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a generator provided with teeth having generating-surfaces, a support for a gear-blank, means for causing a rolling motion between the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank, and means for simultaneously reciprocating one of them, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a support foragenerator, a support for a blank, means for rotating one of said supports, and means for simultaneously reciprocating one of said supports in a direction normal to the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank at their line of contact, substantially as described.

" S. The combination of a support fora generator, a support for a blank, means for rotating one of said supports and reciprocating said support in a direction normal to the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank at their line of contact, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a support fora generator, a support for a blank, and means for rotating the support for the generator, and reciprocating said support in a direction normal to the pitch -surfaces of the generator and blank at their line of contact, substantially as described.

10. The combination of a generator provided with teeth having generating-s urfaces, a spindle for supporting the same, a spindle for supporting a gear-blank, means for rotating one of said spindles, and means for simultaneously reciprocating one of said spindles in a direction parallel to the axis of the generator, substantially as described.

11. The combination of a spindle for supporting a generator, aspindle for supporting a gear-blank, means for rotating one of said spindles, and reciprocating said spindle in a direction normal to the pitch-surfaces of the generator and blank at their line of contact, substantially as described.

12. The combination of a generator provided with teeth having generating-surfaces, a spindle for supporting the same, a gear-blank, and means for rotating the generatorfspindle and reciprocating said spindle in a direction parallel to its axis, substantially as described.

13. The combination of a spindle for supporting a. generator, a spindle for supporting a. gear-blank, said spindles being arranged for driving one by the other through the generator and gear-blank, means for rotating and reciprocating one of said spindles, and a friction-brake upon the driven spindle, substan-A tially as described.

14. The combination of a spindle for supporting a generator, means for rotating and simultaneously reciprocating said spindle, a support for a gear-blank, means for adjusti ing said support to vary the angle between said spindle and the axis of said gear-blank, and means for adjusting said support transversely and longitudinally of saidl spindle, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a spindle for supiv porting a generator, means for rotating and simultaneously reciprocating said spindle, a spindle for supporting a gear-blank, a swiva eled head in which said spindle is j ournaled, an adjustable carriage on which said head is mounted and a slide on which said carriage is mounted, substantially as described.

16. The combination of a spindle for supporting a generator, means for rotating and simultaneously reciprocating said spindle, a support for a gear-blank, a swiveled head carrying said support, a carriage on which said head is mounted, and a slide on which said carriage is mounted, substantially as described.

17. The combination of a spindle for supportinga generator, means for rotating said spindle, an eccentric connected to reciprocate said'spindle, and means for. varying the eccentricity of said eccentric, substantially as described.

IOO

18. The combination with a spindle, a pnl-1 ley secured thereto, a sleeve surroundingsaid spindle and connected thereto, an eccentric and a. link connecting said eccentric and said sleeve, substantially as described.

19. The combination With a shaft, a. stud eccentrically mounted in said shaft, en eccentric on said stud, and means for expanding said stud in said shaft, substantially as 1o described.

20. The combination with a Shaft, a stud eccentrically mounted in said shaft and extending therethrough, slots in said stud, a conical recess Within said slotted portion, and

a pin provided with t conical surface engag- I5 ing said recess, substantially as described. OSCAR J. REALE. Witnesses:

IRA L. FISH, R. A. BATES. 

